E-Bikes and Kids: What Every Parent Needs to Know
June 3, 2026E-bikes are everywhere this summer, and for many kids and teens across the Central Valley and even the nation, they represent independence and adventure. But as pediatricians, we are seeing something alarming: a rapid surge in serious injuries that parents often did not see coming.
The numbers are hard to ignore
At children's hospitals across the country, admissions related to e-bikes and e-scooters increased by more than 900% between 2023 and 2025, and these injuries have now become the leading cause of trauma-related admissions at some centers. A December 2025 report commissioned by the California Senate found that e-bike trauma visits at pediatric emergency departments have been sharply rising statewide, with one Southern California children's hospital going from a single e-bike trauma patient in 2021 to over 200 in 2025. We are seeing the same trend here in the Central Valley.
Why e-bikes are more dangerous than they look
Many parents assume an e-bike is simply a faster bicycle. It is not. Many e-bikes can reach speeds exceeding 20 mph, far faster than most children can safely handle and sudden acceleration can make it harder to stop quickly or react to obstacles. They are also significantly heavier, meaning crashes carry more force. A 2025 California study found that at schools in Marin and San Mateo Counties, 88% of electric two-wheelers parked on campuses were higher-power, higher-speed devices that exceed what state law even classifies as a legal e-bike, meaning many families may be unaware of what their child is actually riding.
The most severe injuries typically occur when children are struck by cars on main roads or sidewalks, often during school commutes or after dark when visibility is poor. Tweens and young teens face the greatest risk, as younger adolescents have less-developed motor skills and limited experience navigating traffic.
Know the law: fines and parent liability
Families should also know that improper e-bike use can carry real legal and financial consequences. In California, riders under 18 are required to wear a properly fitted and fastened helmet when riding a bicycle or e-bike on a street, bikeway, or public bicycle path or trail. A helmet violation is an infraction with a fine of up to $25, and a parent or legal guardian may be held jointly responsible for that fine. In 2026, California’s traffic bail schedule lists the total payable amount for several common bicycle/e-bike infractions, including minor helmet violations, under-16 Class 3 e-bike operation and Class 3 helmet violations, as approximately $193 after required penalties and fees, though the final amount can vary by court and local assessments.
California law also prohibits anyone under age 16 from operating a Class 3 e-bike, which is the faster pedal-assist type that can assist up to 28 mph. Class 3 e-bike riders and passengers must wear helmets regardless of age. E-bikes must also meet required equipment rules, including working brakes and, as of January 1, 2026, a rear red reflector or solid/flashing red rear light with a built-in reflector during all hours. The 2026 statewide traffic bail schedule lists many bicycle and e-bike equipment violations at approximately $193 total bail/fees.
Parents should also understand that if a child causes injury or property damage while riding recklessly, the issue may go beyond a ticket. Under California law, parents or guardians can be held financially responsible for certain willful misconduct by a minor. The adjusted parental liability limit under California Civil Code section 1714.1 is $56,400 per tort as of July 1, 2025.
What you should takeaway
Parents should always do their research before providing one of these devices for their children, including researching local laws. These devices are not toys and should not be treated as such. Before your child rides one of these devices, ensure they are wearing their helmet and the proper safety equipment. We encourage you and your child to attend e-bike safety classes either in person or online. Active supervision of your child when riding is key!
